)$12,400 (2020 est. Located in Central Eastern Europe, Ukraine () represents the largest European country by territory in that part of the world. Ukraine is an Eastern European country. )$5.267 billion (2020 est. )3.4% of GDP (2019) (approximately $9.7 billion)3.1% of GDP (2018) (approximately $8.87 billion)3.1% of GDP (2017) (approximately $8.54 billion), up to 700,000 active duty personnel, including the Armed Forces, Territorial Defense Forces, National Guard, and State Border Guard (July 2022)note 1: following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, President ZELENSKY announced a general mobilization of the country; prior to the invasion, approximately 200,000 active Armed Forces troops (125,000 Army; 25,000 Airborne/Air Assault Forces; 2,000 Special Operations Forces; 10,000 Navy; 40,000 Air Force); approximately 50,000 National Guard; approximately 40,000 State Border Guard, the Ukrainian military is equipped mostly with Russian-origin and Soviet-era weapons systems; since the Russian invasion in February 2022, it has received considerable quantities of weapons, including more modern Western systems, from European countries and the US; Ukraine has a broad defense industry capable of building, maintaining, and upgrading a variety of Soviet-era weapons systems, including armored vehicles, combat aircraft, missiles, and air defense systems (2022), conscription abolished in 2012, but reintroduced in 2014; 20-27 years of age for compulsory military service; prior to the Russian invasion of February 2022, conscript service obligation was 12-18 months, depending on the service (2022)note 1: following the Russian invasion in 2022, all nonexempt men ages 18 to 60 were required to register with their local recruitment offices and undergo medical screening for possible service; the Territorial Defense Forces (TDF) accepts volunteers, 18-60 years of age; since the invasion, hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians have volunteered for the regular armed forces, the TDF, or to work in civilian defense activitiesnote 2: women have been able to volunteer for military service since 1993; as of September 2022, approximately 50,000 were servingnote 3: since 2015, the Ukrainian military has allowed foreigners and stateless persons, 18-45 (in special cases up to 60), to join on 3-5-year contracts, based on qualifications; following the Russian invasion in 2022, the military began accepting medically fit foreign volunteers on a larger scale, with an emphasis on persons with combat experience; wartime volunteers serve in the International Legion of Territorial Defense of Ukraine, typically for 6 months, note: prior to the Russian invasion in 2022, Ukraine contributed about 500 troops to the Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine joint military brigade (LITPOLUKRBRIG), which was established in 2014; the brigade is headquartered in Poland and is comprised of an international staff, three battalions, and specialized units; units affiliated with the multinational brigade remain within the structures of the armed forces of their respective countries until the brigade is activated for participation in an international operation, Ukraine has a relationship with NATO dating back to the early 1990s when Ukraine joined the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (1991) and the Partnership for Peace program (1994); the relationship intensified in the wake of the 2014 Russia-Ukraine conflict and Russian seizure of Crimea to include NATO support for Ukrainian military capabilities development and capacity-building; NATO further increased its support to the Ukrainian military following Russias full-scale invasion in 2022 (2022), Ukraine-Belarus: in 1997, Ukraine and Belarus signed a boundary delimitation treaty; the instruments of ratification were exchanged in 2013; a joint commission should be established to enable the actual demarcation to begin, Ukraine-Hungary: hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian refugees are crossing the border to Hungary to escape the Russian invasion in their country, Ukraine-Moldova: hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian refugees are crossing the border to Moldova to escape the Russian invasion in their country; Ukraine and Moldova signed an agreement officially delimiting their border in 1999, but the border has not been demarcated due to Moldova's difficulties with the break-away region of Transnistria; Moldova and Ukraine operate joint customs posts to monitor transit of people and commodities through Moldova's Transnistria Region, which remains under the auspices of an Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe-mandated peacekeeping mission comprised of Moldovan, Transnistrian, Russian, and Ukrainian troops, Ukraine-Poland: hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian refugees are crossing the border to Poland to escape the Russian invasion in their country, Ukraine-Romania: hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian refugees are crossing the border to Romania to escape the Russian invasion in their country, the ICJ in 2009 ruled largely in favor of Romania in its dispute submitted in 2004 over Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy/Serpilor (Snake) Island and Black Sea maritime boundary delimitation; Romania opposes Ukraine's reopening of a navigation canal from the Danube border through Ukraine to the Black Sea, Ukraine-Russia: the dispute over the boundary between Russia and Ukraine through the Kerch Strait and Sea of Azov is suspended due to the occupation of Crimea by Russia, Ukraine-Slovakia: tens of thousands of Ukrainian refugees are crossing the border to Slovakia to escape the Russian invasion of their country, 1,461,700 (Russian-sponsored separatist violence in Crimea and eastern Ukraine) (2021); 5.91 million (Russian invasion), according to the UN (as of 5 December 2022); note the more recent invasion total may reflect some double counting, since it is impossible to determine how many of the recent IDPs may also include IDPs from the earlier Russian-sponsored violence in Crimea and eastern Ukraine, a transit country for illicit drug trafficking into the European Union due to its location amidst several important trafficking routes into western Europe, ports on the Black and Azov seas, extensive river routes, and porous northern and eastern borders; South American cocaine moves through Ukrainian seaports and airports; amphetamine and methamphetamine laboratories supply the local market, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), International law organization participation, Kyiv: Saint Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv Pechersk Lavra, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Refugees and internally displaced persons, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). Small saltwater lakes occur in the Black Sea Lowland and in Crimea. The Dnieper River, with its hydroelectric dams, huge reservoirs, and many tributaries, dominates the entire central part of Ukraine. ), total: 7,769,401 (2020 est. It gained its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. )beer: 2.44 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Ukraine had experienced a brief period of independence in 191820, but portions of western Ukraine were ruled by Poland, Romania, and Czechoslovakia in the period between the two World Wars, and Ukraine thereafter became part of the Soviet Union as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (S.S.R.). Ukraine is the place to start your business right NOW! )crude oil estimated reserves: 395 million barrels (2021 est. However, this agreement failed to stop the fighting or find a political solution. Invest in Ukraine already today reap the rewards in the nearest future. It has been marked on the map above by a yellow upright triangle. agriculture: 12.2% (2017 est. note: data are in current year dollars, China 13%, Russia 12%, Germany 10%, Poland 9%, Belarus 7% (2019), refined petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, coal, natural gas (2019), $30.967 billion (31 December 2021 est. ), definition: age 15 and over can read and writetotal population: 99.8%male: 99.8%female: 99.7% (2015), total: 15 yearsmale: 15 yearsfemale: 15 years (2014), total: 16.5%male: 16.3%female: 16.7% (2021 est. Russian invasion of Invest in Ukraine. )note: Ukraine's population is overwhelmingly Christian; the vast majority - up to two thirds - identify themselves as Orthodox, but many do not specify a particular branch; theOCU and the UOC-MP each represent less than a quarter of the country's population, the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church accounts for 8-10%, and the UAOC accounts for 1-2%; Muslim and Jewish adherents each compose less than 1% of the total population, 0-14 years: 16.16% (male 3,658,127/female 3,438,887)15-24 years: 9.28% (male 2,087,185/female 1,987,758)25-54 years: 43.66% (male 9,456,905/female 9,718,758)55-64 years: 13.87% (male 2,630,329/female 3,463,851)65 years and over: 17.03% (male 2,523,600/female 4,957,539) (2020 est. Ukraine | Today's latest from Al Jazeera Ukraine Russia-Ukraine war: List of key events, day 325 As the Russia-Ukraine war enters its 325th day, we take a look at )4% of GDP (2020 est. Sharing of russian Fitch rating: B (2019)Moody's rating: B3 (2020)Standard & Poors rating: B (2019)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. ), 3.017 million KYIV (capital), 1.421 million Kharkiv, 1.008 million Odesa, 942,000 Dnipropetrovsk, 888,000 Donetsk (2023), at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female55-64 years: 0.77 male(s)/female65 years and over: 0.42 male(s)/femaletotal population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2022 est. )forest: 16.8% (2018 est. Ukrainian Government officials eliminated most tax and customs privileges in a March 2005 budget law, bringing more economic activity out of Ukraine's large shadow economy. U.S. citizens in Ukraine: follow Embassy Kyiv and TravelGov on Twitter, and complete this form so we can communicate with you. )proven reserves: 34.375 billion metric tons (2019 est. ), improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 100% of populationtotal: 100% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 0% of populationtotal: 0% of population (2020 est. )industry: 28.6% (2017 est. WebLocated in Central Eastern Europe, Ukraine () represents the largest European country by territory in that part of the world. Representatives from Ukraine, Russia, the unrecognized Russian proxy republics, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe also meet regularly to facilitate implementation of the peace deal. Invest in Ukraine. Invest in Ukraine already today reap the rewards in the nearest future. West of the Volyn-Podilsk Upland, in extreme western Ukraine, the parallel ranges of the Carpathian Mountainsone of the most picturesque areas in the countryextend for more than 150 miles (240 km). A peaceful mass protest referred to as the "Orange Revolution" in the closing months of 2004 forced the authorities to overturn a rigged presidential election and to allow a new internationally monitored vote that swept into power a reformist slate under Viktor YUSHCHENKO. President Zelenskyy demands faster delivery of heavier weapons from Western powers. Following the collapse of czarist Russia in 1917, Ukraine achieved a short-lived period of independence (1917-20) but was reconquered and endured a brutal Soviet rule that engineered two forced famines (1921-22 and 1932-33) in which over 8 million died. U.S. citizens seeking to depart Ukraine can call 1-833-741-2777 (in the U.S.) or 1-606-260-4379 (from overseas). White House announces more classified Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. ), hryvnia (UAH) per US dollar -27.286 (2021 est. Some artificial lakes have been formed, the largest of which are reservoirs at hydroelectric damse.g., the reservoir on the Dnieper upstream from Kremenchuk. )25.846 (2019 est. Russias occupation of Crimea in March 2014 and ongoing Russian aggression in eastern Ukraine have hurt economic growth. Its Ukraine a place to explore and to fall in love with right NOW! )percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 3.2% (2015 est. Ukraine, country located in eastern Europe, the second largest on the continent after Russia. Ukraine was the center of the first eastern Slavic state, Kyivan Rus, which during the 10th and 11th centuries was the largest and most powerful state in Europe. In mid-2014, Russia began supplying proxies in two of Ukraine's eastern provinces with manpower, funding, and materiel driving an armed conflict with the Ukrainian Government that continues to this day. Although Ukraine achieved independence in 1991 with the dissolution of the USSR, democracy and prosperity remained elusive as the legacy of state control and endemic corruption stalled efforts at economic reform, privatization, and civil liberties. )3.2% (2019 est. In World War II, German and Soviet armies were responsible for 7 to 8 million more deaths. )-$4.124 billion (2019 est. )municipal solid waste recycled annually: 487,745 tons (2015 est. ), 19 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. We have a very robust system that allows you to work and meet a lot of Ukrainian girls for free. ), improved: urban: 99.4% of populationrural: 100% of populationtotal: 99.6% of populationunimproved: urban: 0.6% of populationrural: 0% of populationtotal: 0.4% of population (2020 est. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The above map represents Ukraine, a country in Eastern Europe. It is situated both in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the earth. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. As observed on the physical map of Ukraine above the northern reaches of the Carpathian Mountains stretch across western Ukraine. ), 185.686 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Weakened by internecine quarrels and Mongol invasions, Kyivan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and eventually into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Ukraine - BBC News Ukraine Live Russia fires second wave of missiles at Ukraine World What weapons are being supplied to Ukraine? Watch live. The invasion of Ukraine remains one of the two largest displacement crises worldwide (the other is the conflict in Syria). It is situated both in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the earth. )investment in inventories: 4.7% (2017 est. Outside institutions - particularly the IMF encouraged Ukraine to quicken the pace and scope of reforms to foster economic growth. Russian )industrial: 3.577 billion cubic meters (2017 est. Ukraine returned to international debt markets in September 2017, issuing a $3 billion sovereign bond. Representatives from Ukraine, Russia, and the unrecognized Russian proxy republics signed the Minsk Protocol and Memorandum in September 2014 to end the conflict. Weakened by internecine quarrels and Mongol invasions, Kyivan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and eventually into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). )48.33% of GDP (2019 est. ), fossil fuels: 37.6% of total installed capacity (2020 est. ), total population: 73.45 yearsmale: 68.8 yearsfemale: 78.39 years (2022 est. )$29.138 billion (31 December 2020 est. From 2000 until mid-2008, Ukraine's economy was buoyant despite political turmoil between the prime minister and president. Share and discuss and her glorious people, history, geography, language, art, culture, values, and experiences during wartime. The capital is Kyiv, located on the Dnieper River in north-central Ukraine. ), a sorting code to expeditiously handle large volumes of mailwas first set up in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union) in the 1930s; the sophisticated, three-part (number-letter-number) postal code system, referred to as an "index," was the world's first postal zip code; the system functioned well and was in use from 1932 to 1939 when it was abruptly discontinued, number of registered air carriers: 14 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 126annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 7,854,842 (2018)annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 75.26 million (2018) mt-km, total: 108over 3,047 m: 132,438 to 3,047 m: 421,524 to 2,437 m: 22914 to 1,523 m: 3under 914 m: 28 (2021), total: 791,524 to 2,437 m: 5914 to 1,523 m: 5under 914 m: 69 (2021), 36,720 km gas, 4,514 km oil, 4,363 km refined products (2013), total: 21,733 km (2014)standard gauge: 49 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (49 km electrified)broad gauge: 21,684 km (2014) 1.524-m gauge (9,250 km electrified), total: 169,694 km (2012)paved: 166,095 km (2012) (includes 17 km of expressways)unpaved: 3,599 km (2012), total: 409by type: bulk carrier 1, container ship 1, general cargo 84, oil tanker 15, other 308 (2021), major seaport(s): Feodosiia, Chornomorsk, Mariupol, Mykolaiv, Odesa, Yuzhneriver port(s): Kherson, Kyiv (Dnieper River), Mykolaiv (Pivdennyy Buh River), Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU; Zbroyni Syly Ukrayiny or ZSU): Ground Forces (Sukhoputni Viyska), Naval Forces (Viyskovo-Morski Syly, VMS), Air Forces (Povitryani Syly, PS), Air Assault Forces (Desantno-shturmovi Viyska, DShV), Ukrainian Special Operations Forces (UASOF), Territorial Defense Forces (Reserves); Ministry of Internal Affairs: National Guard of Ukraine, State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (includes Maritime Border Guard) (2022)note 1: in the event that martial law is declared, all National Guard units, with certain exceptions such as those tasked with providing for diplomatic security of embassies and consulates, would come under the command of the Ministry of Defense as auxiliary forces to the Armed Forcesnote 2:the Territorial Defense Forces (TDF) were formally established in July 2021; the TDF evolved from former Territorial Defense Battalions and other volunteer militia and paramilitary units that were organized in 2014-2015 to fight Russian-backed separatists in the Donbas; in January 2022, the TDF was activated as a separate military branch; it is organized into 25 brigades of varying size representing each of the 24 oblasts, plus the city of Kyiv; the International Legion of Territorial Defense, comprised of foreigners who have volunteered for Ukrainian military service since February 2022, is under the TDF, 4% of GDP (2021 est. Include the Desna, Dnieper, Dniester, Donets and the Southern Bug. )imports of goods and services: -55.6% (2017 est. )$25.317 billion (31 December 2019 est. Like the Dnieper, the Southern Buh, with its major tributary, the Inhul, flows into the Black Sea. We have a very robust system that allows you to work and meet a lot of Ukrainian girls for free. Almost 18,000 civilian casualties had been reported, as of 2 January 2023. White House announces more With the dissolution of the U.S.S.R. in December 1991, Ukraine gained full independence. Ukraine is bordered by 7 European Nations: by Belarus in the north; by Hungary, Slovakia and Poland in the west; by Moldova and Romania in the southwest; and by Russia in the east and northeast. Ukraine occupies the southwestern portion of the Russian Plain (East European Plain). )$12,800 (2019 est. Ukraine is an Eastern European country. note: data are in current year dollars$60.707 billion (2020 est.) It is a disputed territory. The river's total length is 2,285 km (1,420 mi). note: data are in current year dollars$63.556 billion (2019 est.) HERE TAKES CENTER STAGE The purpose of r/Ukraine is to amplify Ukrainian voices. Crash near nursery in the town of Brovary kills at least 14 people, including Denys Monastyrskyy and three children. Serbian President Vucic denounces Russian websites and social media groups for calling on volunteers to join the war. Latest Ukraine Updates; United with Ukraine; Americans in Ukraine; How to Help; Holding $535.579 billion (2021 est. WebIts Ukraine a place to explore and to fall in love with right NOW! Some say the time of the tank is over, but Ukraine needs the weapons to push Russia out of its territory. ), $12,900 (2021 est. note: data are in current year dollars, Russia 9%, China 8%, Germany 6%, Poland 6%, Italy 5%, Turkey 5% (2019), corn, sunflower seed oils, iron and iron products, wheat, insulated wiring, rapeseed (2019), $84.175 billion (2021 est.) In alphabetical order, these provinces are: Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Chernivtsi, Dnipropetrovsk (Dnipro), Donetsk, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kharkiv, Kherson, Khmelnytskyy, Kirovohrad (Kropyvnytskyy), Kyiv, Luhansk, Lviv, Mykolayiv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne, Sumy, Ternopil, Vinnytsya, Volyn (LutsK), Zakarpattya (Uzhhorod), Zaporizhzhya and Zhytomyr. The shores of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov are characterized by narrow, sandy spits of land that jut out into the water; one of these, the Arabat Spit, is about 70 miles (113 km) long but averages less than 5 miles (8 km) in width. Ukraine is bordered by 7 European Nations: by Belarus in the north; by Hungary, Slovakia and Poland in the west; by Moldova and Romania in the southwest; and by Russia in the east and northeast. The above blank outline map is of Ukraine, a country in eastern Europe. WebThe latest news as Russian president Vladimir Putin could soon decide to escalate the crisis at the Ukraine-Russia border and invade Ukraine. A fully independent Ukraine emerged only late in the 20th century, after long periods of successive domination by Poland-Lithuania, Russia, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.). The annexations remain unrecognized by the international community.The invasion has also created Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. BRINK (since 18 May 2022)embassy: 4 A. I. Igor Sikorsky Street, 04112 Kyivmailing address: 5850 Kyiv Place, Washington, DC 20521-5850telephone: [380] (44) 521-5000FAX: [380] (44) 521-5544email address and website: [emailprotected]https://ua.usembassy.gov/, two equal horizontal bands of azure (top) and golden yellow; although the colors date back to medieval heraldry, in modern times they are sometimes claimed to represent grain fields under a blue sky, tryzub (trident), sunflower; national colors: blue, yellow, name: "Shche ne vmerla Ukraina" (Ukraine Has Not Yet Perished)lyrics/music: Paul CHUBYNSKYI/Mikhail VERBYTSKYInote: music adopted 1991, lyrics adopted 2003; song first performed in 1864 at the Ukraine Theatre in Lviv; the lyrics, originally written in 1862, were revised in 2003, total World Heritage Sites: 7 (6 cultural, 1 natural)selected World Heritage Site locales: Kyiv: Saint Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kyiv Pechersk Lavra (c); Lviv Historic Center (c); Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans, Chernivtsi (c); Ancient City of Tauric Chersonese, Sevastopol (c); Wooden Tserkvas of the Carpathian Region (c); Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians (n); Struve Geodetic Arc (c). In east-central Ukraine is the Dnieper Lowland, which is flat in the west and gently rolling in the east. )wine: 0.32 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Several of the larger rivers are navigable, including the Dnieper, Danube, Dniester, Pripet (Prypyat), Donets, and Southern Buh (in its lower course). HERE TAKES CENTER STAGE The purpose of r/Ukraine is to amplify Ukrainian voices. In the far southeast, Ukraine is separated from Russia by the Kerch Strait, which connects the Sea of Azov to the Black Sea. The map can be downloaded, printed and used for education work or for coloring. The southern lowland continues in the Crimean Peninsula as the North Crimean Lowland. )from coal and metallurgical coke: 105.929 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Ukraines oligarch-dominated economy grew slowly from 2010 to 2013 but remained behind peers in the region and among Europes poorest. New elections in the spring allowed pro-West president Petro POROSHENKO to assume office in June 2014; he was succeeded by Volodymyr ZELENSKY in May 2019. Denys Monastyrskyy and other top officials killed when a helicopter crashed near a nursery in Brovary, outside Kyiv. ), conventional long form: noneconventional short form: Ukrainelocal long form: nonelocal short form: Ukrainaformer: Ukrainian National Republic, Ukrainian State, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republicetymology: name derives from the Old East Slavic word "ukraina" meaning "borderland or march (militarized border region)" and began to be used extensively in the 19th century; originally Ukrainians referred to themselves as Rusyny (Rusyns, Ruthenians, or Ruthenes), an endonym derived from the medieval Rus state (Kyivan Rus), name: Kyiv (Kiev)geographic coordinates: 50 26 N, 30 31 Etime difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in Octoberetymology: the name is associated with that of Kyi, who along with his brothers Shchek and Khoryv, and their sister Lybid, are the legendary founders of the medieval city of Kyiv; Kyi being the eldest brother, the city was named after himnote: pronounced KAY-yiv, 24 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast'), 1 autonomous republic* (avtonomna respublika), and 2 municipalities** (mista, singular - misto) with oblast status; Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Chernivtsi, Crimea or Avtonomna Respublika Krym* (Simferopol), Dnipropetrovsk (Dnipro), Donetsk, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kharkiv, Kherson, Khmelnytskyi, Kirovohrad (Kropyvnytskyi), Kyiv**, Kyiv, Luhansk, Lviv, Mykolaiv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne, Sevastopol**, Sumy, Ternopil, Vinnytsia, Volyn (Lutsk), Zakarpattia (Uzhhorod), Zaporizhzhia, Zhytomyrnote 1: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses); plans include the eventual renaming of Dnipropetrovsk and Kirovohrad oblasts, but because these names are mentioned in the Constitution of Ukraine, the change will require a constitutional amendment note 2: the US Government does not recognize Russia's illegal annexation of Ukraine's Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the municipality of Sevastopol, nor their redesignation as the "Republic of Crimea" and the "Federal City of Sevastopol"; neither does the US Government recognize Russia's claimed annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia oblasts, 24 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: ca. 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